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Rather the same idea as a wicking layer but applied to waterproofs.
Moisture is transported through the material, but the mechanism is completely different. Some materials (e.g. Goretex) are built like a molecular scale lattice. Water vapour molecules can physically pass through the material, although the ‘holes’ are far too small to allow a water droplet (which is made up of many water molecules held together through surface tension) to pass the other way. Most other materials work by transferring water molecules along long molecular chains to pass moisture through the material. |
